Functions/Join-Object.ps1
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Function Join-Object { <# .SYNOPSIS Combines two object lists based on a related property between them. .DESCRIPTION Combines properties from one or more objects. It creates a set that can be saved as a new object or used as it is. An object join is a means for combining properties from one (self-join) or more tables by using values common to each. The Join-Object cmdlet supports a few proxy commands with their own (-JoinType and -Property) defaults: * InnerJoin-Object (Alias InnerJoin or Join) Returns the joined objects * LeftJoin-Object (Alias LeftJoin) Returns the joined objects and the rest of the left objects * RightJoin-Object (Alias RightJoin) Returns the joined objects and the rest of the right objects * FullJoin-Object (Alias FullJoin) Returns the joined objects and the rest of the left and right objects * CrossJoin-Object (Alias CrossJoin) Returns each left object joined to each right object * Update-Object (Alias Update) Returns each left object updated with the right object properties * Merge-Object (Alias Merge) Returns each left object updated with the right object properties and the rest of the right objects .PARAMETER LeftObject The LeftObject, usually provided through the pipeline, defines the left object (or datatable) to be joined. .PARAMETER RightObject The RightObject, provided by the first argument, defines the right object (or datatable) to be joined. .PARAMETER On The -On parameter (alias -Using) defines which objects should be joined. If the -Equals parameter is omitted, the value(s) of the properties listed by the -On parameter should be equal at both sides in order to join the left object with the right object. Note 1: The list of properties defined by the -On parameter will be complemented with the list of properties defined by the -Equals parameter and vice versa. Note 2: Related joined properties will be merged to a single (left) property by default (see also the -Property parameter). Note 3: If the -On and the -OnExpression parameter are omitted, a join by row index is returned. .PARAMETER Equals If the -Equals parameter is supplied, the value(s) of the left object properties listed by the -On parameter should be equal to the value(s) of the right object listed by the -Equals parameter in order to join the left object with the right object. Note 1: The list of properties defined by the -Equal parameter will be complemented with the list of properties defined by the -On parameter and vice versa. Note 2: The -Equals parameter can only be used with the -On parameter. .PARAMETER Strict If the -Strict switch is set, the comparison between the related properties defined by the -On Parameter (and the -Equals parameter) is based on a strict equality (both type and value need to be equal). .PARAMETER MatchCase If the -MatchCase (alias -CaseSensitive) switch is set, the comparison between the related properties defined by the -On Parameter (and the -Equals parameter) will case sensitive. .PARAMETER OnExpression Any conditional expression (where $Left refers to each left object and $Right refers to each right object) that requires to evaluate to true in order to join the left object with the right object. Note 1: The -OnExporession parameter has the most complex comparison possibilities but is considerable slower than the other types. Note 2: The -OnExpression parameter cannot be used with the -On parameter. .PARAMETER Where An expression that defines the condition to be met for the objects to be returned. There is no limit to the number of predicates that can be included in the condition. .PARAMETER Discern The -Discern parameter defines how to discern the left and right object with respect to the common properties that aren't joined. The first string defines how to rename the left property, the second string (if defined) defines how to rename the right property. If the string contains an asterisks (*), the asterisks will be replaced with the original property name, otherwise, the property name will be prefixed with the given string. Properties that don't exist on both sides will not be renamed. Joined properties (defined by the -On parameter) will be merged. Note: The -Discern parameter cannot be used with the -Property parameter. .PARAMETER Property A hash table or list of property names (strings) and/or hash tables that define a new selection of property names and values Hash tables should be in the format @{<PropertyName> = <Expression>} where the <Expression> defines how the specific left and right properties should be merged. Where the following variables are available for each joined object: * $_: iterates each property name * $Left: the current left object (each self-contained -LeftObject) * $LeftIndex: the index of the left object * $Right: the current right object (each self-contained -RightObject) * $RightIndex: the index of the right object If the $LeftObject isn't joined in a Right- or FullJoin then $LeftIndex will be $Null and the $Left object will represent an object with each property set to $Null. If the $RightObject isn't joined in a Left- or FullJoin then $RightIndex will be $Null and the $Right object will represent an object with each property set to $Null. An asterisks (*) represents all known left - and right properties. If the -Property and the -Discern parameters are ommited or in case a property name (or an asterisks) is supplied without expression, the expression will be automatically added using the following rules: * If the property only exists on the left side, the expression is: {$Left.$_} * If the property only exists on the right side, the expression is: {$Right.$_} * If the properties are joined by the -On parameter, the expression is: {If ($Null -ne $LeftIndex) {$Left.$_} Else {$Right.$_}}} * If properties aren't joined by the -On parameter, the expression is: {$Left.$_, $Right.$_} If an expression without a property name assignment is supplied, it will be assigned to all known properties in the $LeftObject and $RightObject. The last defined expression will overrule any previous defined expressions Note: The -Property parameter cannot be used with the -Discern parameter. .PARAMETER JoinType Defines which unrelated objects should be included (see: Descripton). Valid values are: 'Inner', 'Left', 'Right', 'Full' or 'Cross'. The default is 'Inner'. Note: It is recommended to use the related proxy commands instead. .EXAMPLE $Employee Id Name Country Department Age ReportsTo -- ---- ------- ---------- --- --------- 1 Aerts Belgium Sales 40 5 2 Bauer Germany Engineering 31 4 3 Cook England Sales 69 1 4 Duval France Engineering 21 5 5 Evans England Marketing 35 6 Fischer Germany Engineering 29 4 $Department Name Country ---- ------- Engineering Germany Marketing England Sales France Purchase France $Employee | InnerJoin $Department -On Country | Format-Table Id Name Country Department Age ReportsTo -- ---- ------- ---------- --- --------- 2 {Bauer, Engineering} Germany Engineering 31 4 3 {Cook, Marketing} England Sales 69 1 4 {Duval, Sales} France Engineering 21 5 4 {Duval, Purchase} France Engineering 21 5 5 {Evans, Marketing} England Marketing 35 6 {Fischer, Engineering} Germany Engineering 29 4 .EXAMPLE $Employee | InnerJoin $Department -On Department -Equals Name -Discern Employee, Department | Format-Table Id EmployeeName EmployeeCountry Department Age ReportsTo DepartmentName DepartmentCountry -- ------------ --------------- ---------- --- --------- -------------- ----------------- 1 Aerts Belgium Sales 40 5 Sales France 2 Bauer Germany Engineering 31 4 Engineering Germany 3 Cook England Sales 69 1 Sales France 4 Duval France Engineering 21 5 Engineering Germany 5 Evans England Marketing 35 Marketing England 6 Fischer Germany Engineering 29 4 Engineering Germany .EXAMPLE $Changes Id Name Country Department Age ReportsTo -- ---- ------- ---------- --- --------- 3 Cook England Sales 69 5 6 Fischer France Engineering 29 4 7 Geralds Belgium Sales 71 1 $Employee | Merge $Changes -On Id | Format-Table Id Name Country Department Age ReportsTo -- ---- ------- ---------- --- --------- 1 Aerts Belgium Sales 40 5 2 Bauer Germany Engineering 31 4 3 Cook England Sales 69 5 4 Duval France Engineering 21 5 5 Evans England Marketing 35 6 Fischer France Engineering 29 4 7 Geralds Belgium Sales 71 1 .EXAMPLE LeftJoin $Employee -On ReportsTo -Equals Id -Property @{Name = {$Left.Name}; Manager = {$Right.Name}} Name Manager ---- ------- Aerts Evans Bauer Duval Cook Aerts Duval Evans Evans Fischer Duval .NOTES # Source https://www.powershellgallery.com/packages/Join/3.5.3 .LINK https://github.com/iRon7/Join-Object #> [Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('InjectionRisk.Create', '', Scope = 'Function')] [Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSUseLiteralInitializerForHashtable', '', Scope = 'Function')] [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = 'Default')] [OutputType([Object[]])] param( [Parameter(ValueFromPipeLine = $True, ParameterSetName = 'Default')] [Parameter(ValueFromPipeLine = $True, ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Parameter(ValueFromPipeLine = $True, ParameterSetName = 'Expression')] $LeftObject, [Parameter(Position = 0, ParameterSetName = 'Default')] [Parameter(Position = 0, ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Parameter(Position = 0, ParameterSetName = 'Expression')] $RightObject, [Parameter(Position = 1, ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Alias('Using')] [Collections.Generic.List[string]] $On = [Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new(), [Parameter(Position = 1, ParameterSetName = 'Expression')] [Alias('UsingExpression')] [scriptblock] $OnExpression, [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Collections.Generic.List[string]] $Equals = [Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new(), [Parameter(Position = 2, ParameterSetName = 'Default')] [Parameter(Position = 2, ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Parameter(Position = 2, ParameterSetName = 'Expression')] [Alias('NameItems')] [AllowEmptyString()] [String[]] $Discern, [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'Default')] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'Expression')] $Property, [Parameter(Position = 3, ParameterSetName = 'Default')] [Parameter(Position = 3, ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Parameter(Position = 3, ParameterSetName = 'Expression')] [scriptblock] $Where = { $True }, [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'Default')] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'Expression')] [ValidateSet('Inner', 'Left', 'Right', 'Full', 'Cross')] [String] $JoinType = 'Inner', [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'Default')] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'Expression')] [string] $ValueName = 'Value', [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'On')] [switch] $Strict, [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'On')] [Alias('CaseSensitive')] [switch] $MatchCase ) begin { Write-Verbose -Message "Starting [$($MyInvocation.Mycommand)]" function StopError($Exception, $Id = 'IncorrectArgument', $Group = [Management.Automation.ErrorCategory]::SyntaxError, $Object){ if ($Exception -isnot [Exception]) { $Exception = [ArgumentException]$Exception } $PSCmdlet.ThrowTerminatingError([System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord]::new($Exception, $Id, $Group, $Object)) } function GetKeys($Object) { if ($Null -eq $Object) {} elseif ($Object -is [string] -or $Object -is [ValueType] -or $Object -is [Array]) { $ValueName } elseif ($Object -is [Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[psobject]]) { $ValueName } elseif ($Object -is [Data.DataRow]) { $Object.Table.Columns.ColumnName } elseif ($Object -is [System.Collections.IDictionary]) { $Object.Get_Keys() } elseif ($Object) { $Object.PSObject.Properties.Name } } function GetProperties($Object, $Keys) { if (@($Keys).Count -eq 1 -and $Keys.Contains($ValueName) ) { [ordered]@{ $ValueName = $Object } } else { $Properties = [ordered]@{} if ($Null -ne $Object) { foreach ($Key in $Keys) { $Properties.Add($Key, $Object.psobject.properties[$Key].Value) } } $Properties } } function AsDictionary($Object) { if ($Object -isnot [array] -and $Object -isnot [Data.DataTable]) { $Object = @($Object) } $Keys = @(GetKeys ($Object |Select-Object -First 1)) ,@(foreach ($Item in $Object) { if ($Item -is [Collections.IDictionary]) { $Object; Break } else { GetProperties $Item $Keys } }) } function SetExpression ($Key = '*', $Expression) { $Wildcard = if ($Key -is [ScriptBlock]) { $BothKeys } else { if (!$BothKeys.Contains($Key)) { if ($Key.Trim() -eq '*') { $BothKeys } else { $Side, $Asterisks = $Key.Split('.', 2) if ($Null -ne $Asterisks -and $Asterisks.Trim() -eq '*') { if ($Side -eq 'Left') { $LeftKeys } elseif ($Side -eq 'Right') { $RightKeys } } } } } if ($Null -ne $Wildcard) { if ($Null -eq $Expression) { $Expression = $Key } foreach ($Key in $Wildcard) { if ($Null -ne $Key -and !$Expressions.Contains($Key)) { $Expressions[$Key] = $Expression } } } else { $Expressions[$Key] = if ($Expression) { $Expression } else { ' * ' } } } function OutObject ($LeftIndex, $RightIndex, $Left, $Right) { $Nodes = [Ordered]@{} foreach ($_ in $Expressions.Get_Keys()) { $Value0 = [System.Management.Automation.Internal.AutomationNull]::Value $Value1 = [System.Management.Automation.Internal.AutomationNull]::Value if ($Expressions[$_] -is [scriptblock]) { $Value0 = &([scriptblock]::Create($Expressions[$_])) } else { $Key = $Expressions[$_] if ($LeftRight.Contains($Key) -or $RightLeft.Contains($Key)) { if ($LeftRight.Contains($Key) -and $RightLeft.Contains($Key)) { $Value0 = $Left[$Key]; $Value1 = $Right[$Key] } elseif ($LeftRight.Contains($Key)) { $Value0 = $Left[$Key] } else { $Value0 = $Right[$Key] } # if($RightLeft.Contains($_)) } elseif ($Key.Trim() -eq '*') { if ($LeftRight.Contains($_) -and $RightLeft.Contains($_)) { if ($LeftRight[$_] -eq $_) { if ($Null -ne $LeftIndex -and $Left.Contains($_)) { $Value0 = $Left[$_] } else { $Value0 = $Right[$_] } } elseif ($Null -eq $LeftRight[$_] -and $Null -ne $RightLeft[$_]) { $Value0 = $Left[$_] } elseif ($Null -ne $LeftRight[$_] -and $Null -eq $RightLeft[$_]) { $Value0 = $Right[$_] } else { $Value0 = $Left[$_]; $Value1 = $Right[$_] } } elseif ($LeftRight.Contains($_)) { if ($Null -ne $LeftIndex -and $Left.Contains($_)) { $Value0 = $Left[$_] } elseif ($Null -ne $LeftRight[$_]) { $Value0 = $Right[$LeftRight[$_]] } } elseif ($RightLeft.Contains($_)) { if ($Null -ne $RightIndex -and $Right.Contains($_)) { $Value0 = $Right[$_] } elseif ($Null -ne $RightLeft[$_]) { $Value0 = $Left[$RightLeft[$_]] } } } else { $Side, $Key = $Key.Split('.', 2) if ($Null -ne $Key) { if ($Side[0] -eq 'L') { if ($LeftRight.Contains($Key)) { $Value0 = $Left[$Key] } elseif ($Key -eq '*') { if ($Null -ne $LeftIndex -and $Left.Contains($_)) { $Value0 = $Left[$_] } elseif ($Null -ne $RightIndex -and $Right.Contains($_)) { $Value0 = $Right[$_] } } } if ($Side[0] -eq 'R') { if ($RightLeft.Contains($Key)) { $Value0 = $Right[$Key] } elseif ($Key -eq '*') { if ($Null -ne $RightIndex -and $Right.Contains($_)) { $Value0 = $Right[$_] } elseif ($Null -ne $LeftIndex -and $Left.Contains($_)) { $Value0 = $Left[$_] } } } } else { StopError "The property '$Key' doesn't exists" 'MissingProperty' } } } if (@($Value1).Count) { $Node = [Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[psobject]]::new() if ($Value0 -is [Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[psobject]]) { foreach ($Value in $Value0) { $Node.Add($Value) } } else { $Node.Add($Value0) } if ($Value1 -is [Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[psobject]]) { foreach ($Value in $Value1) { $Node.Add($Value) } } else { $Node.Add($Value1) } } else { $Node = $Value0 } if ($Node -is [Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[psobject]] -and $Null -ne $Discern) { if ($Node.Count -eq $Discern.Count + 1) { $Nodes[$_] = $Node[$Node.Count - $Discern.Count - 1] } if ($Node.Count -gt $Discern.Count + 1) { $Nodes[$_] = $Node[0..($Node.Count - $Discern.Count - 1)] } for ($i = [math]::Min($Node.Count, $Discern.Count); $i -gt 0; $i--) { $Rename = $Discern[$Discern.Count - $i] $Name = if ($Rename.Contains('*')) { ([regex]"\*").Replace($Rename, $_, 1) } elseif ( $_ -eq $ValueName) { $Rename} else { $Rename + $_ } $Nodes[$Name] = if ($Nodes.Contains($Name)) { @($Nodes[$Name]) + $Node[$Node.Count - $i] } else { $Node[$Node.Count - $i] } } } else { $Nodes[$_] = $Node } } if ($Nodes.Count -eq 1 -and $Nodes.Contains($ValueName)) { ,$Nodes[0] } else { New-Object PSCustomObject -Property $Nodes } } function ProcessObject ($Left) { if ($Null -eq $LeftKeys) { ([ref]$LeftKeys).Value = GetKeys $Left } if ($Left -isnot [Collections.IDictionary]) { $Left = GetProperties $Left $LeftKeys } if (!$LeftIndex) { ([ref]$InnerRight).Value = [Boolean[]](@($False) * $RightList.Count) foreach ($Key in $LeftKeys) { $LeftRight[$Key] = $Null # Left to Right relation if ($Left[$Key] -isnot [Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[psobject]]) { $LeftNull[$Key] = $Null } else { $LeftNull[$Key] = [Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[psobject]]( ,$Null * $Left[$Key].Count) } } $Right = if ($RightList) { $RightList[0] } ([ref]$RightKeys).Value = if ($Null -ne $Right) { $Right.get_Keys() } else { @() } foreach ($Key in $RightKeys) { $RightLeft[$Key] = $Null # Right to Left relation if ($Right[$Key] -isnot [Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[psobject]]) { $RightNull[$Key] = $Null } else { $RightNull[$Key] = [Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[psobject]]( ,$Null * $Left[$Key].Count) } } $BothKeys = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.HashSet[Object] foreach ($Key in (@($LeftKeys) + $RightKeys)) { $Null = $BothKeys.Add($Key) } if ($On.Count) { if ($On.Count -eq 1 -and $On[0].Trim() -eq '*' -and !$BothKeys.Contains('*')) { # Use e.g. -On ' * ' if there exists an '*' property $On.Clear() $LeftRight.Get_Keys().Where{ $RightLeft.Contains($_) }.ForEach{ $On.Add($_) } } for ($i = 0; $i -lt [math]::Max($On.Count, $Equals.Count); $i++) { if ($i -ge $On.Count) { $On.Add($Equals[$i]) } if (!$LeftRight.ContainsKey($On[$i])) { StopError "The property '$($On[$i])' cannot be found on the left object." 'MissingLeftProperty' } if ($i -ge $Equals.Count) { $Equals.Add($On[$i]) } if (!$RightLeft.ContainsKey($Equals[$i])) { StopError "The property '$($Equals[$i])' cannot be found on the right object." 'MissingRightProperty' } $LeftRight[$On[$i]] = $Equals[$i] $RightLeft[$Equals[$i]] = $On[$i] } $RightIndex = 0; foreach ($Right in $RightList) { $JoinKeys = foreach ($Name in $Equals) { $Right[$Name] } $HashKey = if (!$Strict) { [string]::Join($EscSeparator, @($JoinKeys)) } else { [System.Management.Automation.PSSerializer]::Serialize($JoinKeys) } if ($RightIndices.ContainsKey($HashKey)) { $RightIndices[$HashKey].Add($RightIndex++) } else { $RightIndices.Add($HashKey, $RightIndex++) } } } if ($Property) { foreach ($Item in @($Property)) { if ($Item -is [System.Collections.IDictionary]) { foreach ($Key in $Item.Get_Keys()) { SetExpression $Key $Item[$Key] } } else { SetExpression $Item } } } else { SetExpression } } $Indices = if ($On.Count) { if ($JoinType -eq 'Cross') { StopError 'The On parameter cannot be used on a cross join.' 'CrossOn' } $JoinKeys = foreach ($Name in $On) { $Left[$Name] } $HashKey = if (!$Strict) { [string]::Join($EscSeparator, @($JoinKeys)) } else { [System.Management.Automation.PSSerializer]::Serialize($JoinKeys) } $RightIndices[$HashKey] } elseif ($OnExpression) { if ($JoinType -eq 'Cross') { StopError 'The OnExpression parameter cannot be used on a cross join.' 'CrossExpression' } for ($RightIndex = 0; $RightIndex -lt $RightList.Count; $RightIndex++) { $Right = $RightList[$RightIndex]; if (&([scriptblock]::Create($OnExpression))) { $RightIndex } } } elseif ($JoinType -eq 'Cross') { 0..($RightList.Length - 1) } elseif ($LeftIndex -lt $RightList.Count) { $LeftIndex } else { $Null } foreach ($RightIndex in $Indices) { $Right = $RightList[$RightIndex] if (&([scriptblock]::Create($Where))) { OutObject -LeftIndex $LeftIndex -RightIndex $RightIndex -Left $Left -Right $Right $InnerLeft = $True $InnerRight[$RightIndex] = $True } } $RightIndex = $Null; $Right = $RightNull if (!$InnerLeft -and ($JoinType -eq 'Left' -or $JoinType -eq 'Full')) { if (&([scriptblock]::Create($Where))) { OutObject -LeftIndex $LeftIndex -RightIndex $RightIndex -Left $Left -Right $Right } } } if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Discern') -and !$Discern) { $Discern = @() } $Esc = [char]27; $EscSeparator = $Esc + ', ' $Expressions = [Ordered]@{} $StringComparer = if ($MatchCase) { [StringComparer]::Ordinal } Else { [StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase } $Processed, $LeftKeys, $InnerLeft, $RightKeys, $InnerRight, $Pipeline, $LeftList = $Null $RightIndices = [Collections.Generic.Dictionary[string, [Collections.Generic.List[Int]]]]::new($StringComparer) $LeftRight = @{}; $RightLeft = @{}; $LeftNull = [ordered]@{}; $RightNull = [ordered]@{} $LeftParameter = $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('LeftObject') $RightParameter = $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('RightObject') $RightList = if ($RightParameter) { AsDictionary $RightObject } $LeftIndex = 0 } process { $Processed = $True # The Process block is invoked (once) if the pipeline is omitted but not if it is empty: @() if ($LeftParameter) { $LeftList = AsDictionary $LeftObject } else { if ($Null -eq $Pipeline) { $Pipeline = [Collections.Generic.List[Collections.IDictionary]]::New() } if ($Null -ne $LeftObject) { if ($Null -eq $LeftKeys) { $LeftKeys = GetKeys $LeftObject } if ($LeftObject -isnot [Collections.IDictionary]) { $LeftObject = GetProperties $LeftObject $LeftKeys } if ($RightParameter) { ProcessObject $LeftObject; $LeftIndex++ } else { $Pipeline.Add($LeftObject) } } } } end { if (!($LeftParameter -or $Pipeline) -and !$RightParameter) { StopError 'A value for either the LeftObject, pipeline or the RightObject is required.' 'MissingObject' } if ($Pipeline) { $LeftList = $Pipeline } elseif (!$Processed) { $LeftList = @() } if (!$LeftIndex) { # Not yet streamed/processed if ($Null -eq $LeftList) { $LeftList = $RightList } # Right Self Join if ($Null -eq $RightList) { $RightList = $LeftList } # Left Self Join foreach ($Left in $LeftList) { ProcessObject $Left; $LeftIndex++ } } if ($JoinType -eq 'Right' -or $JoinType -eq 'Full') { $LeftIndex = $Null; $Left = $LeftNull $RightIndex = 0; foreach ($Right in $RightList) { if (!$InnerRight[$RightIndex]) { if (&([scriptblock]::Create($Where))) { OutObject -LeftIndex $LeftIndex -RightIndex $RightIndex -Left $Left -Right $Right } } $RightIndex++ } } Write-Verbose -Message "Ending [$($MyInvocation.Mycommand)]" } } # EndFunction Join-Object |